Positron emission tomography, or PET, is a diagnostic exam that measures cell changes in the body. Commonly used to detect cancer, heart disease and neurological disorders (such as epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease), PET scans provide both anatomical and metabolic information, allowing physicians to visualize changes within tissues or organs early—often before a disease progresses.
How does PET work? All living cells use glucose (sugar), and some—such as cancer cells—break glucose down quickly. With the help of a radioactive "tracer," PET scans home in on these metabolically active tissues, giving physicians a clear picture of any abnormalities that may be present.